Welding ASME Torispherical Head Pressure Vessel Dished Head Types

89mm 500MM ASME PED Torispherical Dished Head Types Of Dish End In Pressure Vessel

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In pressure vessel design, various types of dished heads, also known as dish ends, are used to close off the ends of the vessel. Two common types of dished heads are torispherical and ellipsoidal heads. Let's discuss each type:

1. Torispherical Dished Head:

   • Torispherical heads are widely used in pressure vessels due to their favorable mechanical properties and ease of fabrication.
   • These heads have a dish radius (r) that is typically 6% of the head's diameter (D), and a knuckle radius (k) that is usually 10% of D.
   • The overall shape of a torispherical head resembles a portion of a sphere blended with a smaller radius dish at the center.
   • They provide good structural strength and are suitable for medium to high-pressure applications.
   • Torispherical heads are designed and fabricated in accordance with standards such as ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) Section VIII Division 1 or Division 2, and PED (Pressure Equipment Directive) in Europe.

2. Ellipsoidal Dished Head:

   • Ellipsoidal heads, also known as elliptical heads, have a shape that closely resembles a segment of an ellipsoid.
   • These heads have two radii: a major radius (R) and a minor radius (r).
   • The major radius is typically equal to the vessel's inside diameter (D), while the minor radius is usually 0.9 times the major radius.
   • Ellipsoidal heads provide smoother internal transitions, which can be beneficial for reducing stress concentrations.
   • They are commonly used for low to medium-pressure applications and are designed according to codes and standards such as ASME Section VIII.

It's important to note that the specific dimensions and design criteria for dished heads depend on factors such as the pressure rating, material properties, and applicable codes and regulations. Consulting with a qualified engineer or referencing the appropriate design codes and standards is crucial when selecting and designing dished heads for pressure vessels.

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